产业政策与企业高质量发展

Industrial Policy and High-quality Development of Enterprises

基于2007—2018年微观企业数据,考察了“亩均产出论英雄”这一区域型产业政策对企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:“亩均产出论英雄”的产业政策有助于提高企业全要素生产率,对处在经济转型阶段的城市,可以借鉴此政策,加快地区产业优化升级。进一步研究显示,不同类型的企业对“亩均产出论英雄”的产业导向政策响应程度不同。大型成熟企业对产业政策的响应程度较低,而规模较小的中小型、创新型企业对产业政策的响应程度较高。政府在制定产业政策时,应更加重视“年轻企业”的发展,将更多的政策资源向中小型、创新型企业倾斜,促进地区生产要素的优化配置。同时,机制检验发现“亩均产出论英雄”的产业政策本质上是构建一套企业质量评价体系,通过鼓励企业创新、参与市场竞争的途径,倒逼企业不断优化产品结构,实现企业全要素生产率的提升。地方政府可考虑制定企业高质量发展的“评价体系”,加强对企业高质量发展的引导,在推动企业实现高质量发展上不断取得新进展。

Based on the micro-enterprise data from 2007 to 2018,this paper examines the impact of the regional industrial policy of“Hero of Land Output Per Mu”on the total factor productivity of enterprises.The study shows that this industrial policy helps to improve the total factor productivity of enterprises.Cities in the stage of economic transformation can learn from this policy to speed up the optimization and upgrading of regional industries.Further study indicates that different types of enterprises have different responses to this industry-oriented policy.Large mature enterprises have a lower response to industrial policy,while small and medium-sized and innovative enterprises have a higher degree of response to industrial policy.When formulating industrial policies,the government should pay more attention to the development of“infant enterprises”,tilt more policy resources to small and medium-sized and innovative enterprises,and promote the optimal allocation of regional factors of production.At the same time,the mechanism test shows that the industrial policy of“Hero of Land Output Per Mu”is essentially to construct a set of enterprise quality evaluation system,which forces enterprises to constantly optimize their product structure by encouraging enterprises to innovate and participate in market competition.to improve the total factor productivity of enterprises.Local governments should consider formulating an“evaluation system”for high-quality development of enterprises,strengthen the guidance of high-quality development of enterprises,and constantly make new progress in promoting the high-quality development of enterprises.