激光雷达在不同地形条件下进行风资源评估的适用性研究

Lidar applicability research for wind resource assessment under different terrain conditions

为了验证WindCube激光雷达在不同地形和不同测量高度条件下替代测风塔评估风资源的可行性,文章采用WindCube激光雷达与测风塔在复杂山地、平原和沿海3种地形条件下的同步观测试验数据,对风速、风向、相对偏差和风廓线进行了对比分析。对比结果表明:WindCube测量高度越高,有效数据完整率越低,在90~120 m轮毂高度,有效数据完整率在90%以上,能满足风能资源评估要求;在复杂山地、平坦地形条件下,WindCube与测风塔风速相关系数达0.99以上,风向相关系数在0.85~0.90,两种仪器测得的10 min平均风速偏差在0.1 m/s以内,相对偏差在1%左右,WindCube可代替测风塔进行风能资源评估;沿海地形条件下,WindCube与测风塔风速相关系数达0.90以上,风向相关系数在0.90左右,WindCube与测风塔测得的10 min平均风速偏差较大,达0.5 m/s,相对偏差在10%左右,受下垫面影响,WindCube替代测风塔进行风能资源评估的可行性应根据项目实际情况进一步评估。

In order to verify the feasibility of the WindCube lidar substituting wind mast to evaluate wind resources under different terrain and measured altitudes conditions.This paper practices WindCube and wind mast simultaneouse observation experimental data under three terrain conditions:complex mountains,plains,and coastal.Comparative analysis of wind speed,wind direction,relative deviation,and wind profile are performed.The results illustrate the higher WindCube measurement height,the lower effective data rate is,and the effective data integrity rate is above 90%within the hub height range of 90~120 m,which satisfies wind energy resource assessment requirements.Under complex mountainous and plains topographic conditions,the wind speed correlation coefficient between WindCube and wind mast is above 0.99.The wind direction correlation coefficient is between 0.85~0.90.The deviation of 10-min average wind speed measured by the two instruments is within 0.1 m/s.The relative deviation is around 1%,WindCube can substitute wind mast for wind energy resource assessment in complex mountainous and flat terrain.Howeber,under coastal terrain conditions,the wind speed correlation coefficient between WindCube and wind mast is above 0.90,the wind direction correlation coefficient is around 0.90,the 10-min average wind speed measured by WindCube and wind mast has a large deviation up to0.5 m/s,and the relative deviation is about 10%.Coastal terrain is affected by the underlying surface,the feasibility of WindCube replacement of wind mast for wind energy resource assessment require further evaluation based on actual situation in the projects.