SARS-COV-2感染引发人神经系统功能异常及其潜在机制的研究进展

SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers dysfunction of human nervous system and its potential mechanism

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)的大流行已对全球人类健康造成了前所未有的巨大影响,其所引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)表现出多器官系统受累的特征,包括外周神经系统和中枢神经系统。新近的研究显示,SARS-CoV-2感染引起神经系统症状的人数正在迅速增加,包括无症状或轻症感染者,令人担忧的是所出现的神经系统症状可能持续半年甚至更久。虽然SARS-COV-2感染引发的神经系统病症的机制尚不十分清楚,但已发现一些病毒可能侵袭中枢神经系统的潜在途径。现就SARS-CoV-2感染引发的人神经系统功能异常、疾病及病毒可能侵袭中枢神经系统的潜在途径及机制作一概述,对COVID-19相关神经系统并发症的早期发现或预防提供了新思路。

The pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has led to an unprecedented impact on global health.The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-2019)caused by SARS-CoV-2 is characterized by multiple organ involvement,including the peripheral and central nervous system.According to the recent studies,the number of asymptomatic or mildly infected patients with neurological symptoms relating to SARS-COV-2 infection is increasing rapidly,and it is worrying that the neurological symptoms may persist for six months or more.Although the mechanism of neurological disorders induced by SARS-COV-2 infection is unclear,several potential pathways of the possible viral invasion to the central nervous system have been identified.This review summarizes the dysfunction and diseases of human nervous system caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential pathways of neuroinvasion,providing new ideas for the early detection or prevention of neurological complications related to COVID-19.