公共卫生服务均等化与流动人口城市社会融入

Equalization of Public Health Services and Social Integration of Migrant Workers

公共卫生服务事关人民群众的生命安全与身体健康,其均等化程度将会对流动人口城市融入进程产生重要影响。本文结合国家卫健委开展的CMDS2017专项调查,系统考察了公共卫生服务均等化对流动人口社会融入的影响。研究表明:(1)在健康档案、健康教育等公共卫生服务内容中,流动人口与本地人口差距较大,均等化程度较低。(2)公共卫生服务均等化程度越高,流动人口社会融入水平越高,以流动人口居住城市“是否为国家卫生城市”作为工具变量缓解潜在的内生性偏误后,结论依然得到支持。(3)之所以能提升流动人口的社会融入水平,其因在于公共卫生服务均等化有助于提高流动人口的人力资本、增强其社会资本。本研究有助于审视并理清公共卫生服务在社会融入层面的效应,为探索如何更好地推进公共服务均等化,让流动人口深度融入城市提供决策依据。

Public health services are related to people’s life safety and health,and its equalization degree will have a profound impact on the integration process of migrant workers.Combined with the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (2017) carried out by the National Health Commission,this paper systematically evaluates the impact of equalization of public health services on the social integration of migrant workers.The results show that:(1) There is a large gap between migrant workers and local residents in the contents of public health services such as health records and health education,and the degree of equalization is low.(2) The higher the equalization of public health services,the higher the level of social integration of migrant workers.Taking whether the city where migrant workers live is a national health city as the instrumental variable,the two-stage least square method is used to alleviate the potential endogenous bias,and the conclusion is still supported.(3) The reason why the social integration of migrant workers can be improved is that the equalization of public health services helps to improve human capital and enhance social capital.This study is helpful to examine and clarify the policy effects of public health services on social integration,so as to provide evidence support for the road of citizenization of migrant workers with public health services as the starting point.