数据抓取不正当竞争行为的认定标准分析

Analysis of the Criteria for Judging Unfair Competition in Data Crawling

传统案件在判断不正当竞争时,会从竞争关系、竞争利益和竞争损害三方面进行考虑,数据抓取案件在这三个方面呈现出需要额外考虑的因素,值得进一步分析和优化。数据抓取不正当竞争行为的认定应当确立一个合理的边界,同时避免原告对数据的绝对垄断,为数据产品的后续发展提供创新创造的空间。在判断数据抓取是否构成不正当竞争行为时,应当以顺位优先的方式认定直接竞争关系与间接竞争关系,考虑原告收集和使用数据的正当性以及被告在抓取数据后使用数据行为的正当性。

Traditional cases consider competitive relations,competitive interests and competitive damages in judging unfair competition.Data crawling cases present additional factors to consider in these three aspects,which deserve further analysis and optimization.A reasonable boundary for the identification of data crawling un⁃fair competition should be established while avoiding the plaintiff's absolute monopoly on data and providing space for innovation and creativity in the subsequent development of data products.In judging whether data crawling constitutes unfair competition conduct,if there is direct competitive relation,it will be applied first,oth⁃erwise indirect competitive relation should be applied;and the legitimacy of the plaintiff's collection and use of the data,as well as the legitimacy of the defendant's post-crawling use of the data,need to be considered.