双馈风电机组无撬棒故障穿越技术研究综述

Review of Crowbarless Fault Ride Through Technology for Doubly-Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Turbines

风机故障穿越失败导致大面积连锁脱网,严重威胁电力系统的安全稳定运行。撬棒是双馈风电机组广泛采用的故障穿越方案,但存在可控性差、转矩脉动大和吸收无功多等固有缺陷,难以适应日趋严格的电网标准。近年来,国内外学者针对无撬棒故障穿越技术开展了广泛研究,并提出了一系列控制方法,但鲜有针对该研究工作进行归纳整理和分析总结。为此,该文整理了各国电网标准中故障穿越相关的最新技术规范,梳理了双馈风电机组实现无撬棒故障穿越的技术要点,并对技术现状进行了分类与对比。最后,从新的技术规范、新的运行场景和新的控制模式等方面对未来发展方向进行讨论与展望。

The failure of fault ride through(FRT) will lead to large-scale chain off-grid accidents of wind power, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of modern power system. For doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)-based wind turbines, the crowbar circuit is widely used to realize FRT. Nevertheless, this scheme has some inherent defects, such as the loss of control ability, large torque ripple, and excessive reactive power absorption, etc., and it is difficult to adapt to increasingly strict grid standards. In recent years, many scholars have carried out extensive research on crowbar-less FRT technology and proposed a series of FRT control methods. However, there are few works dedicated to summarizing and analyzing this topic. For this issue, this paper presents a comprehensive review of crowbar-less FRT technology for DFIG-based wind turbines. Firstly, the latest technical specifications related to FRT in the grid code of various countries are summarized. Then, the technical points and state quo of crowbar-less FRT technology are sorted out and compared. Finally, the future research and development direction is discussed and prospected from the aspects of new technical specifications, new operation scenarios and new control modes of wind turbines.