基于生长度日的玉米冠层不同器官动态模拟

Dynamic Simulation of Different Organs in Maize Canopy Based on Growing Degree Days

研究玉米冠层形态对明确玉米生长发育规律、提升作物产量与品质具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值,但由于玉米冠层结构较复杂以及形态测量数据的难获取性,使其器官分配及形态建成模拟研究成为作物生长与形态建成模拟研究中的薄弱环节。为了定量和动态描述玉米冠层生长发育,探索作物冠层形态结构变化规律,以夏玉米为研究对象,以生长度日(GDD)为时间步长,分析器官遗传参数变化以及玉米节、叶、穗、叶鞘的动态发育过程,构建茎秆、叶片、雄穗、雌穗、叶鞘的玉米全器官形态结构模型,并利用玉米田间试验资料对所建模型进行检验。结果表明,叶片长度和宽度模拟的RMSE分别为0.532、0.508;节间长度和宽度模拟的RMSE分别为0.734、0.585;叶鞘长度和宽度模拟的RMSE分别为0.845、0.198;雄穗长度和宽度模拟的RMSE分别为1.850、0.019;雌穗长度和宽度模拟的RMSE分别为1.689、0.236。说明研究所构建的模型模拟效果较好,具有一定的预测性,能够描述玉米冠层各器官的动态伸长过程。

It is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to study maize canopy morphology for clarification of maize growth and development law,and improvement of crop yield and quality.However,due to the complexity of maize canopy structure and the difficulty in obtaining morphological measurement data,organ allocation and morphogenesis simulation have become the weak links in study on crop growth and morphogenesis simulation.In order to quantitatively and dynamically describe the growth and development of maize canopy,and to explore the changes of crop canopy morphology and structure,in this study,taking summer maize as the research object and taking growth degree days(GDD)as the time step,the change of genetic parameters of organs,dynamic development process of nodes,leaves,ears,and leaf sheath of maize were analyzed.Morphological structure model of all organs of maize including stalks,leaves,tassels,ears,and leaf sheath was constructed.The model constructed was tested by using the maize field experiment data.The results showed that the RMSE simulated by leaf length and width was 0.532 and 0.508,respectively.The RMSE simulated by internode length and width was 0.734 and 0.585,respectively.The RMSE simulated by leaf sheath length and width was 0.845 and 0.198,respectively.The RMSE simulated by tassel length and width was 1.850 and 0.019,respectively.The RMSE simulated by ear length and width was 1.689 and 0.236,respectively.All of the data indicated that the model constructed in this study had a good simulation effect and certain predictability,and could describe the dynamic elongation process of maize canopy organs.