彩色多普勒超声在颈部血管检查中的价值研究

The value of color Doppler ultrasonography in examination of cervical vascular

目的探析彩色多普勒超声用于颈部血管检查的价值。方法选取血管疾病患者100例作为实验组,另选取健康体检者100例作为对照组。两组均进行颈部血管彩色多普勒超声检查。观察比较两组检查结果(内膜增厚、斑块形成、颈动脉狭窄),颈动脉粥样硬化斑块分布情况;并比较实验组不同颈动脉血流速度患者的狭窄程度。结果实验组内膜增厚、斑块形成、颈动脉狭窄检出率分别为18.0%、82.0%、73.0%,均高于对照组的8.0%、15.0%、0,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组检出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中位于颈总动脉65例,颈内动脉16例,椎动脉1例;对照组检出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中位于颈总动脉12例,颈内动脉3例,椎动脉0例。实验组颈总动脉、颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率分别为65.0%、16.0%,均高于对照组的12.0%、3.0%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组椎动脉粥样硬化斑块检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组检出颈动脉狭窄73例,包括血流速度正常43例,血流速度加快30例。血流速度正常者的轻度狭窄占比97.7%高于血流速度加快者的23.3%,中度狭窄占比2.33%、重度狭窄占比0均低于血流速度加快者的20.0%、56.7%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声用于检查颈部血管检查中可以提高颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的检出率,检出颈部血管的病变位置,可根据血流速度预测颈动脉狭窄程度,给临床诊断以及治疗提供了参考依据。

Objective To discuss and analyze the value of color Doppler ultrasonography in cervical vascular examination.Methods 100 patients with vascular disease were selected as the experimental group,and 100 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.Color Doppler ultrasonography of cervical vessels was performed in both groups.The examination results(intimal thickening,plaque formation,carotid stenosis)and the distribution of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were observed and compared between the two groups;the degree of stenosis in patients with different carotid blood flow velocities in the experimental group was compared.Results The detection rates of intimal thickening,plaque formation,and carotid stenosis in the experimental group were 18.0%,82.0%,and 73.0%,respectively,which were higher than 8.0%,15.0%,and 0 in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the experimental group,carotid atherosclerotic plaques were located in the common carotid artery in 65 cases,internal carotid artery in 16 cases and vertebral artery in 1 case;in the control group,atherosclerotic plaques were located in the common carotid artery in 12 cases,internal carotid artery in 3 cases,and vertebral artery in 0 case.The detection rates of common carotid artery and internal carotid atherosclerotic plaque in the experimental group were 65.0%and 16.0%,respectively,which were higher than 12.0%and 3.0%in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of vertebral atherosclerotic plaque between the two groups(P>0.05).In the experimental group,73 cases of carotid artery stenosis were detected,including 43 cases with normal blood flow velocity and 30 cases with increased blood flow velocity.The percentage of mild stenosis 97.7%in those with normal blood flow velocity was higher than 23.3%in those with increased blood flow velocity;the percentage of moderate stenosis 2.33%and percentage of severe stenosis 0 in those with normal blood flow velocity were lower than 20.0%and 56.7%in those with increased blood flow velocity;the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of color Doppler ultrasonography for carotid vascular examination can improve the detection rate of carotid atherosclerotic plaque,accurately detect the location of lesions in carotid vessels,and predict the degree of carotid artery stenosis based on blood flow velocity,which provides a reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.