真德秀的“道统”观

The Tao Tradition of Zhen Dexiu

“道统”论作为朱子学理论体系中十分重要的组成部分,曾在黄榦、陈淳、蔡沈等朱门弟子中得到广泛流传。真德秀作为南宋晚期私淑朱子的重要理学家,一方面从“道”与“心法”等理论层面丰富了朱子、黄榦、蔡沈等人的“道统”论述,也从主敬工夫的角度肯定了二程、朱子的“道统”传承地位;另一方面又试图通过对“中道”“执中”“建中”等内容的强调,将国家“治道”也纳入到“道统”叙述之中,并在“道统谱系”的构建中形成异乎朱子的论述。所以,真德秀的“道统”观具有根源朱子、兼顾治道、多元并包的主要特点。

As a very important part of Zhu Zixue’s theoretical system, the theory of "Tao Tradition" has been widely circulated among Zhuzi disciples such as Huang Gan, Chen Chun, and Cai Chen. Zhen Dexiu, an important Confucian scholar who was a private scholar of Zhu Zi in the late Southern Song Dynasty, enriched Zhu Zi, Huang Gan, Cai Chen and others’ "Tao Tradition" discussion from the theoretical aspects of "Tao" and "Xinfa", at the same time, he also affirmed the inheritance status of Er Cheng and Zhu Zi’s "Taoism" from the perspective of respecting the work;On the other hand, it tried to bring the "governance of Taoism" into the "Dao System Genealogy" by emphasizing the contents of "Zhongdao", "Zhizhong" and "Jianzhong", and forms a different exposition from Zhuzi in the construction of "Tao Tradition". Therefore, Zhendexiu’s view of "Tao Tradition" has the characteristics of being rooted in Zhuzi, taking into account the governance of Tao, and integrating multiple elements.