国内湿法炼锌中氟氯渣综合利用研究进展

Research Progress on Comprehensive Utilization of Fluorine and Chlorine Residues in Zinc Hydrometallurgy

由于氟、氯离子在湿法炼锌硫酸锌溶液电解中存在有害影响,为此需采用合适方法从溶液中分离。目前在硫酸锌溶液除氟、氯工艺中较为常用的方法主要有化学沉淀法、絮凝沉淀法、离子交换法和萃取法等。其中采用饱和石灰乳法除氟、氯化亚铜沉淀法除氯的工艺相对应会产生氟渣和氯渣。本文针对两种净化渣系统总结了渣的来源和性质,讨论了目前已有的一些处理工艺优缺点,并对氟渣和氯渣高值化利用进行展望。

Due to the harmful effects of fluorine and chloride ions in the electrolysis of zinc sulfate solution in hydrometallurgy,suitable methods should be used to separate them from the solution.At present,the more commonly used methods in the defluorination and chlorine process of zinc sulfate solution mainly include chemical precipitation method,flocculation precipitation method,ion exchange method and extraction method.Among them,the process of removing fluorine by saturated lime milk method and removing chlorine by cuprous chloride precipitation method will produce fluorine residue and chlorine residue correspondingly.In this paper,the sources and properties of the slag are summarized for the two purification slag systems,the advantages and disadvantages of some existing treatment processes are discussed,and the high-value utilization of fluorine and chlorine slag is prospected.