城乡一体化视域下农村义务教育的存续与变革

Existence and Reform of Rural Compulsory Education from the Perspective Of Urban-Rural Integration

教育公平不仅是国家倡导也是个人追求的目标。从2000—2019年,义务教育教学场域与教学客体曲线图分别呈“开口向左漏斗状”及“倒X状”转移趋势。文章运用公共服务均等化理论,认为该变化是由国家政策、个人选择及教学水平差距等共同作用的结果。农村教育对乡村治理、乡村社会结构维系以及现代农业技术提升等具有重要作用。政府应创新教育管理方式,使教育资源适当向农村倾斜;学校应与村集体合作办学,打造特色课程,实施互动式教学。

Educational equity is not only advocated by the state but also pursued by individuals.From 2000 to 2020,the curves of teaching field and teaching object of compulsory education show a trend of"opening left funnel shape"and"inverted X shape"respectively.Using the theory of public service equalization,this paper argues that the change is the result of the integration of national policy,individual choice and teaching level gap.Rural education plays an important role in rural governance,maintaining rural social structure and upgrading modern agricultural technology.Therefore,the government should innovate the way of education management and make the educational resources allocation appropriately tilted in favor of the countryside.The school should be bound with the village collective,create characteristic courses and implement interactive teaching.