考虑轴承故障高速列车齿轮传动系统振动响应分析

Vibration Response Analysis of Gear System of High-speed Trains Considering Bearing Failure

齿轮传动系统在高速列车运行过程中起着连接和动力传递的关键作用,齿轮传动系统中的滚动轴承长期处于高速运行状况,易于出现故障。为研究轴承出现故障后高速列车齿轮传动系统的振动响应,基于Hertz接触理论,考虑齿轮传动系统输入轴上圆柱滚子轴承内圈滚道上的剥离故障,利用三维建模软件SolidWorks和动力学软件RecurDyn分别建立正常工况和故障工况下的齿轮传动系统动力学模型。通过仿真分析可以发现:故障工况下,输入轴上轴承滚子的角速度会出现周期性突变,输出轴上从动齿轮的角速度变化剧烈,而轴承滚子的角速度几乎不变;输入轴上包括主动齿轮在内的所有零件振动加速度明显增大,并且输出轴上零件的振动加速度也有所增大;主动齿轮和从动齿轮齿面接触力增大;输入轴上轴承滚子与内圈会瞬时脱离,影响轴承的稳定运行。研究结果可为高速列车齿轮传动系统中轴承故障的诊断、预防提供参考数据。

The gear transmission system plays a key role in connection and power transmission during the operation of high-speed trains. The rolling bearings of the gear transmission system are always in high-speed operation and likely to fail easily. This paper studies the vibration response of the gear transmission system when the bearing fails. Based on the Hertz contact theory and considering the spalling fault on the inner ring raceway of the cylindrical roller bearing on the input shaft,the dynamic models of the gear transmission system under normal and fault conditions are established using the 3D modeling software SolidWorks and dynamics software RecurDyn, respectively. Through simulation analysis, it can be found that when the bearing on the input shaft fails, the angular velocity of the bearing roller will have periodic sudden changes, and the angular velocity of the driven gear on the output shaft changes drastically, but the angular velocity of the bearing roller is almost unchanged. The vibration acceleration of all parts on the input shaft, including the driving gear, will increase obviously,and the vibration acceleration of the parts on the output shaft will also increase. The contact force between the driving gear and the driven gear will increase. The roller and the inner ring of the bearings on the input shaft will be separated instantly,which will affect stable operation of the bearing. The research results can provide reference data for the diagnosis and prevention of bearing faults in high-speed train gear transmission systems.