高温及等离子体环境下液态锡与钨筛网的相容性研究

Study on compatibility of liquid Sn and tungsten mesh under high temperature and plasma environment

本文利用真空管式炉和四川大学直线等离子体与材料表面相互作用平台(SCU-PSI),探究了静态高温以及高密度氢等离子体环境下液态锡(Sn)对钨基多孔筛网结构(CPS)的润湿及腐蚀行为.实验结果发现,在静态高温环境下液态Sn润湿钨筛网(4层150目)的阈值温度为950℃,且随着实验温度升高,润湿效果越好.当实验温度达到1050℃时,在钨筛网表面观察到大量SnO_(2)棒状结构.这种棒状结构可能是由于管式炉中存在少量的氧气,在高温作用下Sn和氧气发生反应生成SnO_(2)纳米晶.当液态Sn-CPS结构进一步被离子通量为7.71×10^(22) m^(-2)·s^(-1)和热负荷为54.55kW·m^(-2)的氢等离子体辐照时,钨筛网出现大面积断裂,形成丝状结构;而在没有液态Sn润湿的情况下,钨筛网表面没有出现类似损伤.这可能是在高密度氢等离子体辐照作用下,氢等离子体与SnO_(2)的协同作用加剧了钨筛网的损伤,造成了钨丝硬化断裂.本文的实验结果为未来液态Sn-CPS在聚变装置中的实际应用提供了一定的参考.

In this paper,the wettability and corrosion behavior of liquid tin(Sn)on tungsten-based capil-lary porous meshes structure(CPS)under static high temperature and high density hydrogen plasma were investigated by vacuum tube furnace and Sichuan University plasma-material surface interaction platform(SCU-PSI).The experimental results show that the threshold temperature of liquid Sn wetted tungsten mesh(four layers 150mesh)is 950℃under static high temperature environment,and the wetting effect becomes better with the increase of experimental temperature.When the experimental temperature reached 1050℃,a large number of stannic oxide rod-like structures were observed on the surface of the tungsten screen.This rod-like structure may be due to the presence of a small amount of oxygen in the tubular furnace.Sn reacts with oxygen at high temperature to form SnO_(2) nanocrystals.When the liquid Sn-CPS structure was irradiated again by hydrogen plasma with an ion flux of 7.71×10^(22) m^(-2)·s^(-1) and a heat load of 54.55kW·m^(-2),a large area of fracture occurred in the tungsten sieve and a filamentous structure was formed.However,no similar damage occurred on the surface of the tungsten sieve without liquid Sn wetting.It is suggested that under the high density hydrogen plasma irradiation,the synergistic action of hydrogen plasma and SnO_(2) may aggravate the damage of tungsten screen,resulting in tungsten wire hardening and fracture.The experimental results provide a theoretical basis for the future application of liquid Sn-CPS in fusion devices.