铜/硼复合防腐剂对膨胀型防火涂料的增效防火与抑烟研究

The synergistic effect of copper/boron composite preservatives and intumescent fire-retardant coatings in fire protection and smoke suppression of wood

我国西南地区存在大量传统竹木民居建筑,极具民族特色及历史文化价值.然而,木材易燃且易被真菌腐蚀,其在实际使用过程中存在极大的安全隐患.使用防火涂料和防腐剂对木材进行处理可以显著提高木材的阻燃及防腐性能,但防火防腐双重处理对木材阻燃及抑烟行为的影响仍有待揭示.本文使用铜/硼复合防腐剂(CBCP)和防火涂料对木材进行两步处理,并研究了防火防腐木材的阻燃及抑烟行为.结果表明,CBCP可以通过促进炭化反应发生在木材表面形成物理屏障,从而抑制热量和烟释放.值得注意的是,与单一防火处理的木材相比,防火防腐双重处理的木材具有更好的阻燃、隔热性能以及更少的烟排放量,表明CBCP和防火涂料在提高木材火安全性方面具有协同作用.

In southwest China, there are a large number of traditional bamboo and wood residential buildings with national characteristics, which are of great historical and cultural value. However, due to the flammability and susceptibility to the fungal attack of wood, it has a great potential safety hazard in daily life. Using fire-retardant coatings and preservatives has endowed wood with significantly improved safe performances, but the effects of dual treatments on the fire-retardant and smoke-suppression behavior of wood remain to be revealed. In this paper, a two-step treatment of wood with copper/boron composite preservatives(CBCP) and fire-resistant coatings was performed, and the flame-retardant and smoke-suppressive behaviors of treated wood were investigated. The results show that CBCP can suppress the release of heat and smoke by promoting the charring reaction to form a physical barrier on the wood surface. More importantly, the dual-treated wood has better flame retardant, thermal insulation properties and less smoke emission than the single fire treated wood, indicating that CBCP and fire-retardant coatings have a synergistic effect on improving wood fire safety.