商用车外部特征空气动力学影响及研究

Aerodynamic Influence and Research on External Characteristics of Commercial Vehicles

随着物流行业的高速发展,对商用车经济性和时效性提出了越来越高的要求。降低行驶空气阻力以提升燃油经济性已成为主流汽车厂商研究的热点问题。以某商用车驾驶室为研究对象,综合运用计算流体力学,研究分析了商用车不同外部特征对其外部风阻的影响。包括前挡玻璃不同倾角对风阻的影响,后视镜外壳不同造型对风阻的影响,以及包角板、外部遮阳罩、导流罩等部件不同状态对风阻的影响等。研究表明,通过计算流体力学优化计算,可大幅提升空气动力学性能,降低风阻,有效提升整车燃油经济性及动力性。

With the rapid development of logistics industry, more and more requirements are put forward for the economy and timeliness of commercial vehicles. Reducing driving air resistance to improve fuel economy has become a hot topic for major automobile manufacturers. Taking the cab of a commercial vehicle as the research object, the influences of different external characteristics on the external wind resistance of the commercial vehicle are studied by means of computational fluid dynamics. It includes the wind resistance influence of different angles of windshield, the wind resistance influence of different shapes of the rear view mirror shell, and the wind resistance influence of different states of the parts such as the corner plate, the external sun shield and the flow guide hood. The results show that the computational fluid dynamics optimization can greatly improve the aerodynamic performance, reduce the wind resistance, and effectively improve the fuel economy and power performance of the vehicle.