孕中晚期孕妇的抑郁及其相关心理因素研究

Investigation on depression of pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy and its related psychological factors

目的:探究孕中晚期孕妇抑郁现状及相关心理因素。方法:使用一般自我效能量表(GSES)、乐观主义-悲观主义量表(OPS)和患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)对南京鼓楼医院产科门诊772名孕中晚期孕妇进行调查。结果:抑郁发生率为44%,不同一般自我效能的孕妇抑郁评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。一般自我效能、乐观主义与抑郁评分呈显著负相关(P均<0.01)。乐观主义在一般自我效能和孕中晚期抑郁之间的完全中介效应显著(P<0.01)。结论:孕中晚期孕妇有着高抑郁发生率,一般自我效能通过乐观主义影响孕中晚期孕妇抑郁。

Objective:To explore the status of depression of pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy and related psychological factors.Method:General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES),Optimism-Pessimism Scale(OPS)and Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)were used to investigate a total of 772 pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy in obstetrics department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital.Results:The incidence of depression was 44%.Significant differences had been found in scores of depression among pregnant women with different levels of general self-efficacy(P<0.01).Scores of general self-efficacy and optimism were negatively correlated with scores of depression(both P<0.01).Optimism had a significant complete mediating effect between the relationship of general self-efficacy and depression in the second and third trimester of pregnancy(P<0.01).Conclusion:Pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy have higher rates of depression.General self-efficacy can predict depression through optimism.