人血管紧张素转换酶2编码蛋白功能的生物信息学分析

Bioinformatics Analysis of Human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Encoding Protein of Human Acute Myocardial Injury Early Warning Gene

目的 研究人血管紧张素转换酶2(angiotensin converting enzyme 2,ACE2)基因编码的蛋白分子结构,从生物信息学角度分析其与心肌损伤的联系。方法 利用生物信息学手段,对人ACE2蛋白的理化性质、信号肽、跨膜区、亚细胞定位、磷酸化修饰位点、空间结构、组织表达、蛋白质相互作用及序列同源性等多方面进行功能分析。结果 人ACE2是酸性的不稳定性亲水性蛋白,信号肽和跨膜区域皆有,定位于细胞膜和胞外基质的可能性最大。二级结构含α-螺旋、β-折叠和无规则卷曲,属于Gluzincin和Collectrin超家族。基因本体(gene ontology, GO)以及组织表达等分析显示,主要功能涉及肾素-血管紧张素系统(renin angiotensin system, RAS)性动脉血压调控;参与血管紧张素原对血管紧张素的代谢过程等多种信号通路。它在人体多个组织存在特异性表达,心脏位居前列。结论 人ACE2编码蛋白的生物学功能具有较强的广泛性,在很多机制上都可以试着开展与心肌损伤关联性的探讨。

Objective To study the protein molecular structure of human angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2) gene, and to analyze the relationship between it and myocardial injury from the perspective of bioinformatics. Methods The physical and chemical properties, signal peptide, transmembrane region, subcellular localization, phosphorylation sites, spatial structure, tissue expression, protein interaction and sequence homology of human ACE2 protein were analyzed by bioinformatics. Results Human ACE2 protein was an acidic unstable hydrophilic protein, which had both signal peptide and transmembrane region, and was most likely to be localized on cell membrane and extracellular matrix. The secondary structure contains α-helix, β-fold and random curl, which belongs to Gluzincin and Collectrin superfamilies. Gene ontology(GO) and tissue expression analysis showed that the main function of renin angiotensin system(RAS) was to regulate arterial blood pressure;it involved in the metabolism of angiotensinogen and other signaling pathways. It was specifically expressed in many tissues of human body, and the heart was in the forefront. Conclusion The biological functions of ACE2 protein are highly extensive, and the correlation between ACE2 and myocardial injury can be explored in many mechanisms..