数学教科书学习内容整体设计外显的“必要性”“内容”与“方法”

The Necessity,Content and Methods of the Explicit Overall Design of the Mathematics Textbook Learning Content

整体设计外显,是教科书学材定位的内生需要,是提升教学效益的必然要求,也是师生对教科书的一致要求.建议数学教科书应提升整体设计的外显度,让读者更好地感知到教科书的整体设计.具体地,教科书整体设计外显的内容有:不同章学习内容之间的关系、章内各节学习内容之间的关系、同类知识学习的通性通法以及氤氲在知识学习中的思想方法等;教科书整体设计外显的层次有:整体设计“看得见”、整体设计“我会看”、整体设计“我参与”;教科书整体设计外显的方法一般有栏目外显、图表外显、言语外显等几种.

The overall design is explicit,which is an endogenous need for the positioning of textbooks and materials,an inevitable requirement for improving teaching efficiency,and a consistent requirement for teachers and students for textbooks.Therefore,it is suggested that mathematics textbooks should improve the explicitness of the overall design,so that readers can better perceive the overall design of textbooks.Specifically,the contents of the explicit overall design of the textbook includes:the relationship between the learning contents of different chapters,the relationship between the learning contents of each section in the chapter,the general methods of learning similar knowledge,and thinking methods in knowledge learning,etc.The levels of the explicit overall design of textbooks are as follows:the overall design is“visible”,the overall design is“comprehensible”,and the overall design is“interactive”.Some methods are applied to accomplish the explicit overall design of textbooks,such as explicit columns,explicit charts,and explicit words.