电动汽车用永磁辅助同步磁阻电机转子优化

Rotor optimization of permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor for electric vehicles

针对A0和A00级电动汽车电机转矩脉动和成本较大问题,以电动汽车用永磁同步电机为原型,进行转子再设计,使用钕铁硼和铁氧体混合辅助励磁,设计一款低转矩脉动、高转矩性价比的永磁辅助同步磁阻电机。首先,研究两种永磁体在每极的布置方式对电机转矩性能的影响,提出一种具有较低转矩脉动的混合永磁体非对称布置方式,并对转子结构进行参数化建模和参数寻优。然后,利用有限元分析软件对电磁性能进行仿真分析。最后,制作了一台28 kW的样机,通过外特性和空载反电势测试,及电机成本和转矩性价比估算,验证了所提出的电机结构具有更优越的性能,更适合作为A0和A00级电动汽车的驱动电机。

Aiming at the problem of large torque ripple and cost of A0 and A00 electric vehicle motors,a permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor with low torque ripple and high torque performance ratio was designed by taking a permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles as a prototype,redesigning its rotor,and using neodymium iron boron and ferrite mixed auxiliary excitation.First,the influence of the arrangement of two permanent magnets at each pole on the torque performance of the motor was studied,and a hybrid permanent magnet asymmetric arrangement with low torque ripple was proposed.The rotor structure is parameterized and the parameters are optimized.Then use finite element analysis software to simulate and analyze its electromagnetic performance.Finally,a 28 kW prototype was made,and its external characteristics and no-load back EMF were tested;the cost and torque cost performance of the motor were estimated,which verified that the proposed motor structure has better performance.It is more suitable as a drive motor for A0 and A00 class electric vehicles.