复杂灾害场景应急救援仿真软件技术发展综述

Review on development of simulation software technologies for emergency rescue in complex disaster scenarios

为增强社会抵抗复杂灾害的韧性,辅助决策者制定应急管理预案,高效地开展灾后救援工作,基于仿真软件,开展复杂灾害仿真试验和分析。首先,综述面向复杂灾害场景应急救援的仿真软件技术,将复杂灾害场景分为自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生和社会安全4类;然后,分别介绍4类场景中的典型应急救援仿真软件技术,并对比国内外相关研究。结果表明:相比于国外同类软件,国内软件在技术和应用规模上还存在一定的差距,相关从业者可以从核心技术、行业规模和法律政策3个方面来弥补差距,实现我国在该领域从跟跑到领跑的转变。

In order to enhance resilience of society to complex disasters,assist decision makers to formulate emergency management plans and efficiently carry out post-disaster rescue works,simulation tests and analysis of complex disasters were carried out based on simulation software.Firstly,simulation software technologies for emergency rescue in complex disaster scenarios were introduced in general with the scenarios being divided into four categories,i.e.,natural disasters,accidents disasters,public health disasters and social security disasters.Then,typical simulation software technologies in these four scenarios were introduced respectively,and relevant researches at home and abroad were compared.The results show that compared with software in foreign countries,domestic one has a certain gap in technology and application scale,and relevant practitioners need to make up it from three aspects,which is core technology,industry scale and legal policy,to realize a role transformation from following to leading one in this field.