玄武岩纤维/聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能与摩擦磨损特性

Mechanical Properties and Friction and Wear Properties of Basalt Fiber/Polypropylene Composites

通过熔融共混方式制备玄武岩纤维(BF)/聚丙烯(PP)、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MA)改性玄武岩纤维/聚丙烯复合材料颗粒,以注塑成型的工艺制备BF/PP和BF/PP/PP-g-MA复合材料测试样条,测试其力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料的冲击断面以及摩擦磨损表面。结果表明,BF/PP复合材料力学性能随BF含量的增加呈下降趋势,摩擦系数降低,磨损率在BF质量分数小于30%时基本稳定。BF/PP/PP-g-MA复合材料力学性能随PP-g-MA添加量的增加呈现先提升后降低的趋势,在PP-g-MA质量分数为10%时,复合材料具有最佳力学性能;PP-g-MA的加入对BF/PP/PP-g-MA复合材料的摩擦系数影响随BF含量的不同表现出不同的趋势,对磨损率的影响较小。从磨损机理来看,BF/PP复合材料主要存在黏着磨损,BF/PP/PP-g-MA复合材料主要存在磨料磨损。

In this study,basalt fiber(BF)/polypropylene(PP),maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene(PP-g-MA)modified basalt fiber/polypropylene composite particles were prepared by melt blending and injection molding.Test specimens of BF/PP and BF/PP/PP-g-MA composites were prepared,their mechanical properties and friction and wear properties were tested,and the impact section and friction and wear surface of the composites were observed by scanning electron microscope.The results show that the mechanical properties of BF/PP composites decrease with the increase of BF contents,the friction coefficient decreases,and the wear rate is basically stable when the BF content is less than 30%.The mechanical properties of BF/PP/PP-g-MA composites first increase and then decrease with the increase of the addition amount of PP-g-MA,and the best mechanical properties are obtained at 10%of PP-g-MA.The effect of the addition of PP-G MA on the friction coefficient of BF/PP/PP-g-MA composites show that different trends change with the different BF contents,and the effect on the wear rate is small.In terms of wear mechanism,BF/PP composites mainly have adhesive wear,and BF/PP/PP-g-MA composites mainly have abrasive wear.