小探头超声在甲状腺癌淋巴结转移中的诊断效果观察

Efficiency of ultrasonic miniature probe for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer

目的 探讨小探头超声在甲状腺癌患者淋巴结转移中的诊断效率与安全性。方法 选取2018年7月至2021年6月间陕西省中医医院收治的72例甲状腺癌患者,均采用小探头超声检查,记录影像学特征与不良反应情况,判断诊断效率。结果 经手术病理确诊发现,淋巴结转移患者22例(30.6%)为转移组,50例患者为非转移组。两组患者临床分期和组织学分化比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。转移组患者病灶单发、超声内部低回声、钙化和形态不规则发生率均高于非转移组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。转移组患者病灶超声评分为(3.66±0.24)分,高于非转移组的(2.78±0.36)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在超声中的主要不良反应为疼痛、头晕、恶心呕吐等,但总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经小探头超声诊断,淋巴结转移者21例,敏感性为95.2%,特异性为100.0%。结论 小探头超声在甲状腺癌患者淋巴结转移中应用,有很好的诊断敏感性、特异性及安全性,能有效反映病灶的影像学特征,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the efficiency and safety of ultrasonic miniature probe for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer. Methods From July 2018 to June 2021, 72 patients with thyroid cancer diagnosed and treated at Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected. All patients underwent ultrasonic miniature probe ultrasonography. Imaging characteristics and adverse reactions were recorded. The diagnostic efficiency was assessed. Results Based on the pathology results after the operation, 22 patients(30.6%) were diagnosed with lymph node metastasis, and they were included in a metastatic group. The remaining 50 patients were included in a non-metastatic group. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical stage and histological differentiation between the two groups(P>0.05). The incidence of single lesion, ultrasound internal hypoechoic lesion, calcification and irregular shape was higher in the metastatic group than in the non-metastatic group(P<0.05). The ultrasound score of the lesion was 3.66±0.24 in the metastatic group, which was higher than 2.78±0.36 of the non-metastatic group(P<0.05). The main adverse reactions in the two groups on ultrasound imaging were pain, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, etc. and there was no between the groups(P>0.05). Twenty-one patients were diagnosed with lymph node metastasis on ultrasonic miniature probe with a sensitivity of 95.2% and a specificity of 100.0%. Conclusion Ultrasonic miniature probe shows good diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and safety for lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer. It can effectively reflect the imaging characteristics of lesions, which is worthy of clinical application.