纤维素酶青贮玉米秸秆的品质及其对肉牛生长性能的影响

Quality of cellulase silage corn stover and its effect on growth performance of beef cattle

试验旨在探究纤维素酶(EN)对玉米秸秆青贮品质及肉牛生长性能、抗氧化能力、免疫能力的影响。试验设置空白对照组(CK组),各处理组的EN添加量分别为100 (EN1组)、200 (EN2组)、300 U/g FM(EN3组)。选择48头肉牛,随机分为4组,每组12个重复,每个重复1头牛,各组肉牛分别饲喂不同组别青贮玉米秸秆(即CK组、EN1组、EN2组、EN3组)。预试期7 d,正式试验期60 d。结果显示:添加EN的玉米秸秆青贮感官评定得分均高于CK组,且不同添加量的组间差异较小,等级评定均为1级优良。CK组与EN1组青贮乳酸含量显著低于EN2和EN3组(P<0.05)。各EN添加组青贮乳酸菌和酵母菌数量显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。与CK组相比,各EN组肉牛的平均日采食量、平均日增重指标均显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。与CK组相比,EN2组和EN3组肉牛的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P<0.05),各EN组丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与CK组相比,各EN组肉牛的血清免疫球蛋白G (IgG)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。研究表明,添加EN能够明显改善玉米秸秆的青贮品质,添加EN的玉米秸秆青贮能够改善肉牛的生长性能,在一定限度上增强抗氧化能力和免疫能力。

The experiment was to explore the effect of EN on corn stover silage quality, beef cattle growth performance,antioxidant capacity and immunity. CK group was set in experiment, and the amount of EN added in each treatment group was 100(EN1 group), 200(EN2 group), and 300 U/g FM(EN3 group). A total of 48 beef cattle were selected and randomly divided into four groups, with 12 replicates in each group and one cattle in each replicate. The cattle in each group were fed with different groups of silage corn stalks(CK group, EN1 group, EN2 group, EN3 group). The pre-trial period was 7 d, and the formal test period was 60 d. The results showed that the sensory evaluation scores of corn stalk silage added with EN were higher than those of CK group, and the difference between groups with different addition amounts was small, and the grades were all grade 1 excellent. The lactic acid content of silage in CK group and EN1 group was significantly lower than that in EN2 group and EN3 group(P<0.05). The number of silage lactic acid bacteria and yeast in each EN supplemented group was significantly lower than that in CK group(P<0.05). Compared with CK group,the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of beef cattle in each EN group were significantly increased(P<0.05), and the feed to gain ratio was significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with CK group, the serum GSH-Px activity of beef cattle in EN2 group and EN3 group was significantly increased(P<0.05), and the content of MDA in each EN group was significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with CK group, the serum IgG and IgA content of beef cattle in each EN group were significantly increased(P<0.05). The study indicates that adding EN can significantly improve the quality of corn stalk silage, corn stover silage supplemented with EN can improve the growth performance of beef cattle,and enhance the antioxidant capacity and immunity to a certain extent.