武汉地区10067例体检者维生素D营养状况分析

Analysis of vitamin D nutritional status of 10067 physical examination population in Wuhan

目的探讨武汉地区不同性别、年龄以及生活在不同季节成年人维生素D的营养状况。方法选取武汉地区10067例体检者,检测其血清25-羟基维生素D(25-hydroxy vitamin D,25OHD)含量,定义血清25OHD≥20 ng/mL为维生素D充足,12 ng/mL≤25OHD<20 ng/mL为维生素D不足,25OHD<12 ng/mL为维生素D缺乏。按照年龄、性别和采样季节分组,分别统计各组维生素D水平及营养状态。结果研究人群总体25OHD水平为(16.02±6.13)ng/mL;维生素D充足、不足和缺乏比例为22.54%、49.81%和27.65%;不同年龄组中18~44岁组缺乏率最高,≥60岁组缺乏率最低,分别为32.11%和23.30%且18~44岁组与45~59岁组、18~44岁组与≥60岁组维生素D营养状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);女性的血清维生素D水平低于男性(P<0.05),女性人群维生素D缺乏率高于男性人群,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);夏季维生素D营养状况相对较好,充足率为31.49%、缺乏率为17.17%,而冬季相对较差,充足率为12.41%、缺乏率为40.83%,夏季和春季维生素D营养状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论武汉地区体检人群70%以上均处于维生素D不足或缺乏状态,应当引起重视。女性和18~44岁人群维生素D缺乏更为严重,冬季人群维生素D普遍缺乏,应适当补充。

Objective To explore the vitamin D nutritional status of adults of different genders,ages and seasons of sampling in Wuhan.Methods 10067 people undergoing physical examination in Wuhan were selected to detect their 25-hydroxy vitamin D(25OHD)levels in the serum.Serum 25OHD≥20 ng/mL was defined as vitamin D adequacy,12 ng/mL≤25OHD<20 ng/mL as vitamin D insufficiency,and 25OHD<12 ng/mL as vitamin D deficiency.The data of vitamin D levels and nutritional status on tested cases were devided into groups by age,gender and season in which samples were taken and recorded.Results The overall vitamin level on the cases was(16.02±6.13)ng/mL;the proportions of vitamin D adequacy,insufficiency and deficiency were 22.54%,49.81%and 27.65%;the 18~44 years group ranked the highest in terms of the deficiency rate while the≥60 age group had the lowest deficiency rate,which were 32.11%and 23.30%.The differences in vitamin D nutritional status between the 18~44 years group and the 45~59 years group,and between 18~44 years group and the≥60 years group were all statistically significant(P<0.05).The vitamin D levels in the serum of women was lower than that of men(P<0.05),and the vitamin D deficiency rate of female population was higher than that of male population which was significantly different(P<0.05).The nutritional status of vitamin D of people whose samples taken in summer was relatively better,of whom the adequacy rate was 31.49%while the deficiency rate was 17.17%.The status of people whose samples taken in winter was relatively worse,when the adequacy rate was 12.41%,and the deficiency rate was 40.83%.The difference between the nutritional status of summer and that of spring was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are common among more than 70%of the population in Wuhan,which should be taken seriously.The problem of vitamin D deficiency is more serious among women and people between 18 and 45 years old.Vitamin D is generally at a low level in winter,and should be supplemented appropriately.