生物瓣膜材料抗钙化处理的研究进展

Research advances of anti-calcification treatment of biological valve materials

随着经导管主动脉瓣置入术的开展,人工生物心脏瓣膜因其具有良好的血流动力学特性和较低的抗凝要求被广泛地应用于老年患者的瓣膜置换上。其最大的缺陷是瓣膜钙化的发生,从而导致瓣膜短期内的衰败,增加了反复手术的概率,影响患者的生存质量和生命周期,严重限制了生物心脏瓣膜的应用范围和应用前景。本综述回顾了近年来发展的抗钙化交联方式与具有抗钙化特性的新型生物瓣膜材料运用,通过优化抗钙化交联方式,调控瓣膜钙化形成的机制或者寻找具有更优质抗钙化特性的新型生物瓣膜材料,寻找解决人工生物心脏瓣膜钙化的出路。

With a rapid development of transcatheter aortic valve implantation,bioprosthetic heart valves have been widely applied for valve replacement in elders due to their excellent hemodynamic properties and low anticoagulation requirements.However,frequent failures due to valve calcification within a short period of time may entail repeated operations,compromising patient prognosis and limiting their applications.This review summarized both anti-calcification cross-linking methods and novel bioprosthetic materials with anti-calcification properties.Optimizing the anti-calcification crosslinking mode,regulating the mechanism of valve calcification formation or exploring new biological valve materials are potential means of resolving the vexing problem of calcification.