预见性护理联合认知行为疗法对急性心肌梗死患者下肢静脉血栓形成的影响

Effect of Predictive Nursing Combined with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Lower Extremity Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的 探讨预见性护理联合认知行为疗法对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者下肢静脉血栓形成的影响。方法 前瞻性选取2020年8月至2021年8月在驻马店市中心医院接受护理干预的78例AMI患者作为研究对象,采用简单随机分组中掷硬币法分组,最终纳入研究组42例,对照组36例。对照组接受常规护理,研究组接受预见性护理联合认知行为疗法干预,两组均进行2周护理干预。对比两组患者下肢静脉血栓发生率、护理2周后自护能力评分及健康认知水平评分,护理前后焦虑(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,比较两组护理满意度。结果 研究组下肢静脉血栓发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理2周后,研究组患者自护能力评分中健康行为、自护技能、自护意识、自我认知评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。护理2周后,研究组患者健康认知水平中AMI治疗、AMI知识、康复训练、并发症防控、饮食生活评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。护理2周后,两组SAS、SDS量表评分均下降且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者护理质量、护理态度、护理专业性、护理程序、护理满意度总分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 预见性护理联合认知行为疗法干预AMI患者效果显著,能降低患者下肢静脉血栓的发生率,提高患者的自护能力及认知水平,缓解不良情绪并提升护理满意度。

Objective To investigate the effect of predictive nursing combined with cognitive behavioral therapy on lower extremity venous thrombosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A total of 78 patients with AMI who received nursing intervention in Zhumadian Central Hospital from August 2020 to August 2021 were prospectively selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups by the simple random coin toss method.Finally,42 patients in research group and 36 patients in control group were included.The patients in control group received routine nursing for 2 weeks,and the patients in research group received both predictive nursing and cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for 2 weeks.The incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis,self-care ability score and health cognition level score after 2 weeks of nursing,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS) scores before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.The nursing satisfaction of the two groups of patients were compared.Result The incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis in research group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).After 2 weeks of nursing,the scores of self-care ability,health behavior,self-care skills,self-care awareness and self-cognition in research group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).After 2 weeks of nursing,the scores of AMI treatment,AMI knowledge,rehabilitation training,prevention and control of complications,diet and life in research group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).After 2 weeks of nursing,the scores of SAS and SDS in the two groups were decreased,and the scores of research group was lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The total scores of nursing quality,nursing attitude,nursing professionalism,nursing procedure and nursing satisfaction of patients in research group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The intervention effect of predictive nursing combined with cognitive behavioral therapy on AMI patients is remarkable,which can reduce the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis,improve patients’ self-care ability and cognitive level,improve their negative emotions and improve nursing satisfaction.