2013-2019年郑州市境外输入传染病的流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of imported communicable diseases in Zhengzhou,2013-2019

目的分析2013-2019年郑州市境外输入传染病的流行病学特征,为制定防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集2013-2019年“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”和“中国寄生虫病防治信息管理系统”报告的境外输入传染病病例信息,描述输入病例的构成、时间、地区和人群分布等流行病学特征。结果共报告境外输入传染病223例,以疟疾为主(180例,占80.71%),其次为登革热(41例,占18.39%)。境外输入传染病以男性为主(207例,占92.83%),病例多为20~59岁(213例,占95.52%)。每年5-8月和12月是境外输入传染病的高峰期。感染来源国家因病种有所不同,主要为柬埔寨和加纳、尼日利亚等。输入病例数最多的是金水区(50例,占22.42%),其次为巩义市(33例,占14.80%)。结论根据郑州市境外输入传染病种类及其来源国家等流行病学特征的不同,建议对出国务工人员有针对性地开展出国前健康教育;将劳务输出群体作为重点监测人群,提高临床医生及时诊断能力,减少死亡病例,防止二代传播。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported communicable diseases in Zhengzhou from2013 to 2019,and provide scientific information for the prevention and control of imported communicable diseases.Methods The case information of imported communicable diseases was collected through the Information Management System for Infectious Diseases Report of China and Parasitic Diseases Control.Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS were used to conduct data cleaning and analysis;the composition,time,region,population distribution and other epidemiological characteristics of the imported communicable diseases’cases were described.Results From 2013 to 2019,a total of 223 cases of imported communicable diseases were reported in Zhengzhou.Of all the cases,80.71%(180 cases)were malaria,followed by dengue fever(41 cases,18.39%).The majority of the imported cases was male(207 cases,92.83%).Most cases were aged 20-59 years(213cases,95.52%).The peak period of imported infectious diseases was from May to August and December each year.The exporting countries were different due to the disease types,mainly including Cambodia,Ghana,Nigeria and other countries.Jinshui district had the largest number of imported cases(50 cases,22.42%),followed by Gongyi city(33cases,14.80%).Conclusions It is suggested to carry out targeted health education for emigrant workers before going abroad according to the different epidemiological characteristics of imported communicable diseases in Zhengzhou and their source countries,take the emigrant group as the key monitoring group,and improve the ability of clinicians to diagnose in time for reducing deaths and preventing secondary transmission.