2013-2020年河南省平顶山市麻疹和风疹疑似病例IgM抗体检测结果

IgM antibody test results of measles and rubella suspected cases in Pingdingshan city,Henan province from 2013 to 2020

目的分析河南省平顶山市麻疹、风疹疑似病例的血清学检测结果,为麻疹、风疹防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验方法对2013-2020年平顶山市麻疹、风疹疑似病例血清标本进行IgM抗体检测,对结果进行统计分析。结果共检测1026例疑似病例血清标本,麻疹、风疹IgM抗体阳性数分别为362例和28例,阳性率为35.28%和2.73%,其中麻疹阳性率最高年份为2014年(57.67%),风疹为2019年(14.81%)。麻疹IgM抗体阳性病例主要分布于叶县和鲁山县,占34.46%,不同地区间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=114.93,P<0.05)。麻疹高峰为2-5月(70.72%),风疹高峰为4-5月(39.29%)。麻疹IgM抗体阳性年龄分布主要集中在1岁以下,占57.18%,不同年龄组间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=115.45,P<0.05)。麻疹IgM抗体阳性率在有免疫史、无和不详这三组人群中分别为15.32%、54.25%和33.64%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=134.19,P<0.05)。结论平顶山市麻疹、风疹血清IgM抗体阳性病例主要集中在小于1岁年龄、无免疫史及免疫史不详者人群中,免疫接种是消除麻疹、风疹的有效措施。

Objective The serological test results of measles and rubella suspected cases in Pingdingshan city from 2013 to 2020were analyzed to provide scientific basis for measles and rubella prevention and control work.Methods IgM antibody in serum samples of suspected measles and rubella cases was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results In total,1026 serum samples collected from suspected cases were tested,and the positive numbers of measles and rubella IgM antibodies were 362 and 28,with the positive rates of 35.28% and 2.73%,respectively.The highest positive rate of measles was seen in 2014(57.67%),and the highest positive rate of rubella was seen in 2019(14.81%).Measles positive cases were mainly distributed in Ye county and Lushan county,accounting for 34.46%,and the difference of positive rate in different regions had statistical significance(χ^(2)=114.93,P<0.05).The peak incidence of measles occurred from February to May each year(70.72%),and the peak incidence of rubella occurred from April to May each year(39.29%).The age distribution of measles IgM positive antibody was mainly concentrated in the group of 0 year old,accounting for 57.18%of the total cases,and the difference in positive rate among age groups had statistical significance(χ^(2)=115.45,P<0.05).The positive rates of measles IgM antibody were 15.32%,54.25% and 33.64% in the three groups with immunization history,without immunization history and unknown,respectively,with statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=134.19,P<0.05).Conclusions The cases with measles and rubella serum antibody positive mainly concentrated in the groups with age less than 1 year,no immunization history and unknown population;immunization is still an effective measure to eliminate the incidence of measles and rubella.