2015-2020年河南省驻马店市手足口病病原学监测分析

Etiology analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhumadian,Henan from 2015 to 2020

目的对2015-2020年河南省驻马店市手足口病实验室检测结果进行分析,探讨病原分布变化特点。方法收集驻马店市手足口病实验室RT-PCR检测数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果共检测手足口病病例粪便、肛拭子及咽拭子标本2222份,肠道病毒阳性1522份,阳性率68.50%。主要以其他肠道病毒感染为主(867例,占56.96%);其次为EV71阳性359例,占23.59%;CA16阳性296例,占19.45%。各年度病原学构成差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=190.812,P<0.05)。阳性病例主要集中在1~3岁婴幼儿,占84.49%;重症病例以EV71感染为主,占76.92%。结论驻马店市其他肠道病毒感染手足口病呈上升趋势,应继续关注病原学变化趋势,同时开展其他肠道病毒型别的检测。

Objective To explore the pathogen distribution of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)in Zhumadian city,Henan province from 2015 to 2020 based on analyzing the laboratory test results.Methods The data of RT-PCR tests for HFMD were collected in Zhumadian,and descriptive epidemiological method was used for analysis.Results A total of 2222 specimens including stools,anal swabs and throat swabs were detected,and 1522 were positive for enterovirus,with a positive rate of 68.50%.Other EV infections were most common(867 cases,accounting for 56.96%),followed by EV71(359 cases,accounting for 23.59%)and CA16(296 cases,accounting for 19.45%).The difference of etiologic composition in different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=190.812,P<0.05).The positive cases were mainly in infants of 1-3 years old,accounting for 84.49%.The majority of the severe cases were caused by EV71 infection,accounting for 76.92%.Conclusions The other enterovirus infections are increasing.More attention should be paid to the trends of etiological change of HFMD.Detection of other enterovirus types should be focused on.