郑州市某医院189例口腔黏膜下纤维性变的临床分析

Clinical analysis of 189 cases of oral submucous fibrosis diagnosed in a hospital in Zhengzhou

目的了解口腔黏膜下纤维性变(OSF)的临床发病特点,为疾病的防治提供依据。方法收集2015年6月至2021年7月在郑州市口腔医院就诊的OSF患者,采用问卷调查和临床检查的方法,收集患者一般情况、咀嚼槟榔、临床症状等信息,进行统计学分析。结果共纳入189例OSF患者,男女比为14.75∶1,轻度65例、中度106例、重度18例,分别占34.39%、56.08%和9.53%。不同疾病程度患者平均年龄差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。咀嚼槟榔食用时间1年以内、1~2年、3~5年和5年以上,每日咀嚼槟榔在5颗以内、6~10颗、11~15颗和15颗以上患者罹患疾病程度的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。OSF临床症状以开口受限为主(65.6%),伴有舌乳头萎缩、舌活动受限等表现;病变部位以颊黏膜为主(93.6%)。结论郑州市OSF的发病以男性为主,有年轻化趋势。年龄、槟榔咀嚼时间及咀嚼量与OSF疾病程度有关。

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of oral submucous fibrosis(OSF)in an oral hospital so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of OSF.Methods The data of patients with OSF who were initially diagnosed in Zhengzhou Stomatological Hospital from June 2015 to July 2021 were collected.By using the methods of questionnaire and clinical examination,the data such as general information,habit of chewing betel nut,clinical symptom and other information were collected,and the relevant signs were clinically examined;statistical analysis was conducted.Results A total of 189patients with OSF were recruited.The male to female ratio was 14.75:1.Among them,65 cases were mild(34.39%),106 cases were moderate(56.08%),and 18 cases were severe(9.53%).There was significant difference in average age among the three groups(P<0.05).There were significant differences in betel nut chewing time and daily chewing volume among the three groups(P<0.05).The clinical manifestations of OSF were mainly limited opening(65.6%),accompanied with atrophy of lingual papilla,limited tongue movement and so on.The lesion site was mainly buccal mucosa(93.6%).Conclusion The incidence of OSF in this region is mainly male,with a younger trend.Age,chewing time and amount of betel nut were associated with the degree of OSF disease.