多次单采成分献血者铁蛋白代谢及贫血相关指标水平变化研究

Study on changes of ferritin metabolism and anemia-related indexes in blood donors who donated platelets for many times

目的了解多次单采成分血献血者铁蛋白代谢及贫血相关指标变化情况。方法按照是否多次捐献单采成分血进行分组,试验组:多次单采成分血献血者150例;对照组:以往无献血史,首次来血站进行献血者150例。为了解各相关指标与年龄的相关性,将每组再按性别分成18~35岁,36~45岁,46~60岁3个年龄段。利用全自动血球分析仪对抗凝标本进行红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)等血细胞指标检测;利用全自动生化分析仪对促凝标本进行铁蛋白(FER)、叶酸和维生素B12(VitB12)等项目检测。结果试验组男性RBC、Hb、叶酸较对照组升高,FER、VitB12水平降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组女性FER较对照组降低(P<0.05),36~45岁水平最低,在46~60岁时有明显回升。男性VitB12水平总体有所降低,女性总体有所升高,在46~60岁男性与女性均较其他年龄段明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多次单采成分组FER、叶酸和VitB12水平于献血当天水平最低,后期逐渐回升,28 d基本恢复到献血前水平。结论建议对育龄和绝经前的妇女及46~60岁等多次献血人群定期监测铁蛋白代谢及贫血相关指标,确保成分献血者身体健康和献血安全。

Objective To study the changes of ferritin and anemia-related indexes in blood donors who donated platelets many times.Methods Acording to whether or not to donate platelets,they were divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental group consisted of multiple blood donors,and the control group consisted of non-donors who came to the blood bank for the first time to donate blood.Each group was further divided into 3 age groups according to gender:18-35 years old,36-45 years old and 46-60 years old.Use automatic blood cell analyzer to detect RBC,Hb,HCT,RDW,MCV and other items,use automatic biochemical analyzer to detect ferritin,folic acid,vitamin B12 and other items.Results Male blood donors in the experimental group had higher levels of RBC,Hb and folic acid than the control group,while the levels of FER and VitB12 were lower,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The age level was the lowest between the ages of 36 and 45,and it rebounded significantly between the ages of 46 and 60.The level of VitB12 decreased in males and increased in females.The levels of VitB12 in males and females between the ages of 46 and 60 were significantly lower than those in other age groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of FER,folic acid and VitB12 in the experimental group were the lowest on the 0th day after blood donation,and then gradually rose,and basically returned to the levels before blood donation on the 28th day.Conclusion It is recommended to regularly monitor ferritin metabolism and anemia-related indicators for women of childbearing age and premenopausal age,as well as people aged 46 to 60 who have donated blood multiple times to ensure the health and safety of blood donors.