限制下的突破——城市高密度中小学校园设计策略研究

BREAKTHROUGH WITHIN THE LIMITS:RESEARCH ON DESIGN STRATEGIES OF URBAN HIGH-DENSITY PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

近年来,中小学校舍增容的需求迫切,但一、二线城市中心区用地紧张的状况却给这类学校的新建、扩建带来掣肘,大量城市中心区学校的建设面临用地不足的现实问题。在紧张的用地与学位指标需求不断增多的双重压力下,新学校的设计与建设面临重重考验。如何在高密度用地的条件下创造出适应当下教育需求,面向未来的高品质校园,成了摆在建筑师面前的一个严峻课题。本文结合笔者近些年来参与的一些城市高密度中小学校园的设计实践,以及国内当下一些相关优秀案例的深入研究,探讨适应这类学校项目设计的有效方法,希望通过对这些设计方法的详细分析和系统整理,总结应对这类高密度用地条件下校园设计的实践策略,为未来此类型学校项目的设计实践提供一些切实可行的设计参考和有益的指引。

The shortage of land in the first and second tier cities has limited the capacity expansion of primary and secondary school buildings,and the construction of a large number of schools in the central areas of cities are faced with the practical problem of land shortage.It has become a severe problem for architects how to create high-quality campuses that meet the current and future education needs under the dual pressure of high-density land conditions and increasing degree indexes.This essay will analyze the effective methods to adapt to the project design of such schools in detail and systematically,and combine with the design practice of urban high-density primary and secondary schools that the author has participated in recent years and the in-depth study of relevant excellent cases in China.The purpose of this essay is to summarize the practical strategies for campus design in response to high-density land conditions,which will provide practical reference and beneficial guidance for future design practice.