脑电图异常与热性惊厥患儿临床特征、预后的关系

Relationship between abnormal electroencephalogram and clinical features and prognosis of children with febrile convulsion

目的 分析脑电图异常与热性惊厥患儿临床特征、预后的关系。方法 选取我院2019年2月至2021年2月治疗的62例热性惊厥患儿,根据脑电图检查情况将其分为对照组(脑电图正常,32例)与研究组(脑电图异常,30例)。收集两组患儿的相关资料,分析影响患儿脑电图异常的危险因素。两组患儿均进行苯巴比妥钠注射液+地西泮注射液治疗,比较两组患儿的预后效果。结果 多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≤3岁、有惊厥家族史、局部型发作、惊厥持续时间≥15 min、发热温度≥38.5℃以及发作次数≥5次是影响热性惊厥患儿脑电图异常的危险因素(P<0.05)。研究组的复发率与癫痫发生率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 脑电图可用于热性惊厥的诊断,脑电图异常率与患儿年龄、惊厥家族史、惊厥发作类型、持续时间、发热温度及发作次数有关,脑电图异常的热性惊厥患儿预后更差。

Objective To analyze the relationship between abnormal electroencephalogram and clinical features and prognosis of children with febrile convulsion.Methods Sixty-two children with febrile convulsion treated in our hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected and divided into control group(normal electroencephalogram,32 cases)and study group(abnormal electroencephalogram,30 cases) according to the electroencephalogram examination.The related data of children in the two groups were collected to analyze the risk factors of abnormal electroencephalogram.Both groups were treated with phenobarbital sodium injection +diazepam injection,and the prognosis effect of the two groups was compared.Results The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≤3 years old,family history of convulsion,local seizures,duration of convulsion ≥15 min,fever temperature ≥38.5 ℃ and number of seizures ≥5 times were the risk factors for abnormal electroencephalogram in children with febrile convulsion(P<0.05).The recurrence rate and the incidence of epilepsy in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Electroencephalogram can be used for the diagnosis of febrile convulsion.The abnormal rate of electroencephalogram is related to the age,family history of convulsion,type,duration of convulsion fever temperature,and number of seizures.The prognosis of children with febrile convulsion with abnormal electroencephalogram is worse.