鴴形目鸟类的食性研究

A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF FEEDING ECOLOGY ON SHOREBIRDS(Charadriiforems)

鴴形目鸟类主要取食小型贝类、螺类、蟹类和杂草种子等。食物的种类和各类食物在胃中所占的百分比,秋季和春季存在着极其显著的差异(X^(2)=343.09P<0.001)。秋季的取食效率高于春季。在春季,潮间带上几种主要的被食物的现存量为1026.8公斤/公顷(鲜重)。被食物在潮间带上的分布具有分层次的现象。被食物的现存量在中潮带最高,高潮带次之,低潮带最低。现存生物量越丰富的被食物种类在鸟胃中的遇见率越高。

This study was carried out in the coastal region of the Changjiang river(Yangtze)delta,which is at a latitude of 30°-32°N and a Longitude of 120°-122°E.During November 1981-May 1983,forty-one species of shorebird were observed and most of them were migrants.A great deal of sand and mud,which were brought down by Changjiang river water and Qiantang river water,made extensive mus and sand flats in the coast and the widths of tidelands very from hundreds meters to thousands meters.There are mamy mouthes of rivers so that the areas of the tideland become fresh and salt water interfused areas.In addition the climate is moderate,so the composition and biomass of food are very abundant.In the intertidal zone,the mean bio-mass(fresh weight)of several main prey was 1026.8 kg/ha in spring.The meam biomass of several main prey was 1242.7 kg/ha(high tidel zone),1712.9 kg/ha(middle tidel zone),124.5 kg/ha(low tidal zone zone).By dissecting 946 bird stomachs,it was found that most the food were small Lamellibranchia,Gastropoda,Crustacea and.weed seeds.Both the types and proportions of the food are significantly different between the spring and autumn Groups(X^(2)=343.09 P<0.001).The efficiency of foraging was higher in autumn than in spring.