摘要
Since human coronavirus(HCoVs)was first described in the 1960s,seven strains of respiratory human coronaviruses have emerged and caused human infections.After the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV),a pneumonia outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)has represented a pandemic threat to global public health in the 21st century.Without effectively prophylactic and therapeutic strategies including vaccines and antiviral drugs,these three coronaviruses have caused severe respiratory syndrome and high case-fatality rates around the world.In this review,we detail the emergence event,origin and reservoirs of all HCoVs,compare the differences with regard to structure and receptor usage,and summarize therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 that cause severe pneumonia and global pandemic.
基金
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11902020,31370018,11421202,and 11827803)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M660390)
the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0506500,2016YFC1102203,and 2016YFC1101100)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZG140S1971).
