问题与阐释:女性主义批评建设的可能

Problems and Explanations:The Possibilities of Feminist Criticism Construction

女性主义批评是与女性写作相伴生的一种批评实践。新时期以来,思想界对女性主义理论的译介和批评界借助女性主义理论进行的批评实践都取得了不少成果,推动了本土女性主义批评的理论建设。但是,西方理论并不完全契合本土的文化语境,使用西方理论也不能充分阐释当代女性写作的丰富性和复杂性。当下的女性主义批评存在两方面的问题:一是难以有效分析新时期以来女性写作的多元化特点,二是难以厘清全球化经济体系带来的消费主义意识形态对性别问题的多重影响。女性主义批评建设的理论困境要求我们对既定的研究范式做出相应调整。因而,将“性别”作为认识差异性范畴的一种方法,重新考察其生成的语境、处理的问题以及阐释的方式,将为女性主义批评的理论建设提供一种新的可能。

Feminist criticism is a critical practice that accompanies women′s writing.Since the new era,many achievements have been made in the translation and introduction of feminist theories in the intellectual circle as well as in the criticism practice of the critical circle with help of the feminist theories,which promoted the theoretical construction of local feminist criticism.However,Western theories do not fully fit the local cultural context,and they cannot fully explain the big variety and complexity of contemporary women′s writing.There are two problems in current feminist criticism:First,it is difficult to effectively analyze the diverse characteristics of women′s writing since the new era;Second,it is difficult to delineate the multiple impacts of the consumerist ideology caused by the global economy on gender issues.The theoretical dilemma of feminist criticism construction requires us to make corresponding adjustments to the established research paradigm.Therefore,taking″gender″as a method to recognize the category of difference,and re-examining the context of its generation,the problems it addresses and the way it explains the problems will provide a new possibility for the theoretical construction of feminist criticism.