论现代艺术治疗兴起的思想背景

On the Ideological Background of the Rise of Modern Art Therapy

艺术治疗是20世纪中期新兴的一门心理疗愈专业,其理论构成和实践方法主要来源于艺术和心理学两大学科。艺术治疗本质上是一种人性化疗法,它的兴起不仅源于艺术和心理学的创造性结合,同时得益于20世纪前后现代主义艺术思潮的积淀、原生艺术的问世、对精神病患者的艺术表征研究、道德疗法的倡导以及反精神病学运动的冲击,这些看似溢出艺术治疗发展史的人文思想,为艺术治疗的萌发提供了扎实的观念基础和思想援助,也为其随后的发展和反思提供了学科意义上的背景参照。

Art therapy is a new psychotherapy specialty originating in the middle of the 20th century.Its theoretical composition and practical methods are mainly derived from the two disciplines of art and psychology.Essentially,Art therapy is a humanized treatment.Its rise not only stemmed from the creative combination of art and psychology,but also benefited from the accumulation of modernist art trends around the 20th century,the advent of primitive art,the research on the artistic characterization of mentally ill patients,the advocacy of moral therapy,and the backlash of the anti-psychiatric movement.These humanistic thoughts,seemingly overflowing the development history of art therapy,provide a solid conceptual foundation and ideological assistance for the germination of the art therapy,and also scientifically provide a background reference for its subsequent development and reflection.