银行分支机构扩张与地区创业行为

Bank Branch Expansion and Regional Entrepreneurship Behavior

银行分支机构的扩张对银行经营和区域经济具有重要影响,而金融资源的可获得性是创业行为的重要前提。基于2001—2017年我国城市层面的银行分支机构数量和工商企业注册数据,本文实证分析了银行分支机构扩张对地区创业行为的影响。结果表明,区域内银行分支机构扩张显著提高了当地企业创立数量,在运用双重差分模型降低内生问题的影响之后,该结论仍然成立。进一步分析结果显示,银行分支机构扩张对公司制企业创立数量的影响更加显著,而且相比大型国有银行的分支机构扩张,中小银行分支机构扩张对地区创业活动的激励效应更强。另外,本文还发现银行分支机构扩张对创业活动的激励效应受到银行分支机构存量和地区市场化程度的调节,同时受到地理范围的约束。本文的结论为理解银行业发展对经济增长的影响提供了微观证据,也为从银行业机构扩张的视角研究中国区域创业行为差异提供了新的解释。

The expansion of bank branches has an important impact on bank operations and regional economy, and the availability of financial resources is an important prerequisite for entrepreneurial behavior.Based on the data of bank branches and the enterprise registration data at the city level from 2001 to 2017, we empirically analyzes the impact of bank branch expansion on regional entrepreneurial behaviors.We find that the expansion of bank branches in the region has significantly increased the number of local enterprises established.This conclusion still holds after using the DID method to reduce the impact of endogenous problems.Through further analysis, we found that the expansion of bank branches has a more significant effect of the number of corporate enterprises created, and the expansion of branches of small and medium-sized banks has a stronger incentive effect on regional entrepreneurial activities than the expansion of branches of large state-owned banks.In addition, we also find that the incentive effect of bank branch expansion on entrepreneurial activities is restricted by geographic scope.The conclusions of this paper provide micro-evidences for understanding the impact of banking development on economic growth, and provide a new explanation for the study of differences in China’s regional entrepreneurial behavior from the perspective of the expansion of banking institutions.