舰艇官兵海上长航期睡眠状况调查及预测模型建立

Investigation on sleep status of warship officers and soldiers during long voyage and establishment of prediction model

目的了解水面舰艇官兵长航期睡眠状况,分析其影响因素并建立预测模型。方法以海军水面舰艇官兵为研究对象,于长航28 d后采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(DASS-21)调查官兵的睡眠状况和负性情绪。采用Spearman秩相关分析及多重线性回归法探讨官兵睡眠障碍的独立影响因素并建立睡眠障碍预测模型。结果共发放问卷240份,回收有效问卷222份,有效率为92.50%。PSQI量表总分为(8.78±3.73)分,163例(73.42%)舰艇官兵存在睡眠障碍(PSQI量表总分≥7分)。不同睡眠状况舰艇官兵的抑郁、焦虑、压力三大负性情绪评分有所不同,睡眠质量较差者负性情绪得分高于睡眠质量较佳者(P均<0.001),而性别、婚姻状况、年龄、文化程度、是否为独生子女、家庭性质等一般资料在不同睡眠状况舰艇官兵之间差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析显示,PSQI量表总分与军龄、上舰时间、作业岗位、负性情绪(抑郁、焦虑、压力)均呈正相关(P均<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,官兵作业岗位(P=0.004)和焦虑(P=0.049)是长航期睡眠障碍的独立影响因素,占总影响因素的26.40%(校正R^(2)=0.264),回归方程为PSQI量表总分最大值(PSQI_(max))=4.657+0.511×作业岗位+0.255×焦虑。结论舰艇官兵长航期睡眠障碍发生率较高,特殊岗位及存在焦虑情绪者应予以关注并尽早干预。

Objective To investigate the sleep status of naval officers and soldiers in a large-scale surface warship during long voyage,analyze its influencing factors,and establish a prediction model.Methods With the warship officers and soldiers as research objects,Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)scale and depression-anxiety-stress scale(DASS-21)were used to investigate the sleep status and negative emotions after 28 d of long voyage.Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the independent influencing factors of sleep disorder in officers and soldiers and to establish a prediction model of sleep disorder.Results A total of 240 questionnaires were sent out,and 222 effective questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 92.50%.The PSQI scale score was 8.78±3.73,and 163(73.42%)warship officers and soldiers had sleep disorder(PSQI scale score≥7).There were significant differences in negative emotions(depression,anxiety,and depression)of warship officers and soldiers with different sleep conditions,with significantly higher scores of negative emotions in those with poor sleep quality than those with good sleep quality(all P<0.001).There were no significant differences in gender,marital status,age,education level,only child,or family nature of warship officers and soldiers with different sleeping conditions(all P>0.05).Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that the PSQI scale score was positively correlated with the duration of military service,time on warship,operational positions,and negative emotions(depression,anxiety,and depression)(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed the operational positions(P=0.004)and anxiety(P=0.049)were independent influencing factors of sleep disorders during long voyage,accounting for 26.40%of the total(adjusted R^(2)=0.264).Regression equation was maximum of PSQI scale score(PSQI_(max))=4.657+0.511×operational positions+0.255×anxiety.Conclusion The incidence of sleep disorder is high in warship officers and soldiers during long voyage,and those who are in special positions and with anxiety should be paid attention to and early intervention should be taken.