区域阻滞在心内直视手术术后镇痛中的应用情况及进展

Application and research advances in regional block in postoperative analgesia for open cardiac surgery

患者自控静脉镇痛是目前心内直视手术术后镇痛最常用的方法,然而静脉镇痛药物存在多种不良反应如肠梗阻、呼吸抑制等,可导致患者术后康复延迟,甚至死亡率升高。随着超声在区域阻滞中的应用,区域阻滞技术开始应用于心内直视手术的术后镇痛,且已被证明可有效缓解术后疼痛,并减少阿片类药物用量及其副作用。本文就心内直视手术相关区域阻滞镇痛技术进行综述,为临床提供多模式镇痛方案以改善患者预后,加速患者康复。

At present,the patient controlled intravenous analgesia is the most commonly used method after open cardiac surgery.However,the intravenous analgesics have a variety of side effects,such as ileus,and respiratory depression,which could lead the patients to delay the postoperative rehabilitation and even increase the mortality rate.With the application of ultrasound in regional block,the regional block technique begin to apply in postoperative pain management of open cardiac surgery,and has been proven to effectively alleviate postoperative pain,and reduce the opioid dosage and its side effects.This paper reviewed the techniques of regional block in the related areas of open cardiac surgery to provide the multimodal analgesia regimen for improving the prognosis of the patients and accelerating the patients rehabilitation.