论周敦颐“太极”和“诚”关系的二重性及其逻辑展开

On Duality and Logical Unfolds of the Relationship between Zhou Dunyi’s "Great Ultimate" and "Creativity"

“太极”和“诚”是周敦颐哲学的两个核心概念,而周敦颐对这两个概念的论述却存在复杂性。总的来看,“太极”和“诚”之间的关系具有多层维度,二者之间既有统一性又存在差异性。分别来看,“太极”既具有宇宙生成本原的意义,又具有万物本体的特征。而“诚”作为本体既生成于作为宇宙本原的“太极”,又挺立为与人相关的道德与价值本体。从本体的角度来看,“太极”是本然世界的“万物”之本体,“诚”是意义世界的“万事”之本体。此两种进路之间的统一和区分,体现了周敦颐哲学从宇宙论中开出本体论的开创性,这亦是周敦颐“太极”“诚”思想被确立为理学开山的理论依据之一。

"Great Ultimate(太极)"and"Creativity(诚)"are two core concepts in Zhou Dunyi’s philosophy.However,Zhou Dunyi’s view of these two concepts is complicated.As a whole,the relationship between"Great Ultimate"and"Creativity"has multiple dimensions.There are both unity and differences between“Great Ultimate"and"Creativity".Separately,"Great Ultimate"not only has the meaning of the origin of the universe,but also has the characteristics of the noumenon of all things.As the noumenon,"Creativity"is not only generated from"Great Ultimate"as the origin of the universe,but also stands as the noumenon of morality and value related to people.From the perspective of noumenon,"Great Ultimate"is the noumenon of all things.And"Creativity"is the noumenon of all affairs,the unity and distinction between these two ontological approaches reflect the pioneering nature of Zhou Dunyi’s philosophy in developing ontology from cosmology,which is also one of the theoretical bases for Zhou Dunyi’s"Great Ultimate"and"Creativity"to be established as the foundation of Neo Confucianism.