优化营商环境背景下民营企业刑事法律风险的防控路径

Optimizing the Prevention and Control Path of Criminal Legal Risks of Private Enterprises under the Background of Business Environment

民营经济保护刑事政策对优化法治化营商环境,防范民营企业刑事法律风险而言具有重要意义。关于保护民营经济主体及其产权的刑事政策以及关于保护民营企业家合法权益的刑事政策为民营企业刑事法律风险的防控提供了指引,为准确处理相关案件中罪与非罪的区分、“不适时”罪名的限缩适用、刑事强制措施的合理运用等实体及程序问题指明了方向。有效防范民营企业刑事法律风险,应以刑事司法最低限度干预经济活动为理念,在实体层面坚守刑法谦抑性原则、运用宽严相济的刑事政策,妥善处理民营企业等非公有制经济主体的刑事责任问题;在刑事诉讼程序方面遵循比例原则、增加对查封、扣押、冻结的必要性审查,建立更为完善的民营企业涉刑案件法律程序保障机制,并通过引入、完善民营企业刑事合规制度,为民营经济发展营造良好的刑事法治环境。

The criminal policy of protecting the private economy is of great significance for optimizing the business environment under the rule of law and preventing the criminal legal risks of private enterprises.The criminal policy on the protection of private economic entities and their property rights and the criminal policy on the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of private entrepreneurs provide guidelines for the prevention and control of criminal legal risks in private enterprises,and for accurate handling of the distinction between crime and non-crime in relevant cases.Substantial and procedural issues such as the limited application of crimes and the rational use of criminal coercive measures have pointed the way.To effectively prevent the criminal legal risks of private enterprises,we should adhere to the concept of minimal interference in economic activities by criminal justice,adhere to the principle of modesty in criminal law at the entity level,apply the criminal policy of combining leniency and strictness,and properly handle the criminal responsibility of private enterprises and other non-public economic entities.;Follow the principle of proportionality in criminal procedures,increase the necessity of seizure,seizure and freezing,establish a more complete legal procedure guarantee mechanism for criminal cases involving private enterprises,and introduce and improve the criminal compliance system for private enterprises.The development of the private economy creates a favorable criminal legal environment.