基于迈克尔逊干涉仪和智能手机定量测量溶液折射率

Quantitative Measuring Refractive Index of Solution Based on Michelson Interferometer and Smart Phone

测量溶液折射率具有重要的理论和实际意义。文章基于迈克尔逊干涉仪和智能手机研究透明液体折射率测量装置和方法,并应用于食盐和蔗糖溶液折射率的定量测量。实验结果表明,在最佳工作角度时,该测量装置和方法能够定量测量透明液体折射率,测量装置性能稳定,测量方法精度较高,食盐和蔗糖溶液折射率测量百分偏差分辨为3%和2%左右。采用智能手机光学传感器及免费应用程序—Phyphox,代替人眼读取激光干涉条纹变化情况,不仅解决了传统迈克尔逊干涉实验人眼读数的痛点,还提高了实验客观性和准确性。实验研究有助于拓展迈克尔逊干涉仪和智能手机在物理教学和研究中的应用领域,加深学生对波动光学和双光束干涉的理解和认识。

Measuring the refractive index of solution has important theoretical and practical implications.It studies the refractive index measurement device and method of transparent solution based on Michelson interferometer and smart phone,and applies it to quantitative measurement of the refractive index of salt and sucrose solution.The experimental results show that at the optimum working angle,the measuring device and method can quantitatively measure the refractive index of transparent liquid,the performance of the measuring device is stable,and the measuring method has high precision,about 3%and 2%respectively.Using smartphone optical sensor and free application-Phyphox to read the changes of laser interference fringes instead of human eyes,not only solves the pain point of human eye reading in traditional Michelson interference experiments,but also improves the objectivity and accuracy of the experiment.Experimental research will help to expand the application field of Michelson interferometer and smartphone in physics teaching and research,and deepen students’understanding and knowledge of wave optics and two-beam interference.