清代江南儒家圣贤后裔的奉祀活动--以江阴为例的研究

The Sacrifice Activities of the Descendants of Confucian Sages in the South of the Yangtze River in Qing Dynasty:A Case Study of Jiangyin

随着晚明以来儒家先贤奉祀制度的发展,以家族为主导的先贤奉祀活动在明清南北均逐渐展开。江南地区,特别是江苏聚集了数量仅次于山东的儒家先贤家族。江阴县作为其中的代表,不仅设有孔子后代孔垕,还有圣门弟子施之常和奚容蒧的奉祀,三个奉祀家族均有中央朝廷承认的奉祀生,奉祀家族与朝廷奉祀政策的互动常常据此展开。通过对江阴三个奉祀家族的考察,可以发现衍圣公府和家族文化背景是影响该地儒家先圣先贤奉祀实践的重要因素,在此背景下清代江南儒家先圣先贤奉祀呈现出丰富而多元的地方面貌。

With the development of the Confucian sage worship system since the late Ming Dynasty,family-led worship activities for the Confucian sage gradually developed in Ming and Qing Dynasties.In Jiangnan(the south of the Yangtze River),especially in Jiangsu province,a large number of Confucian sage families gathered.Jiangyin County,as a representative among them,has not only the sacrifice to the descendant of Confucius,Kong Hou,but also to Confucian disciples Shi Zhichang and Xirong Dian.The three sage descendant families all have students recognized by the central court.Through the investigation of the three enshrined families in Jiangyin,it can be found that the Yanshenggong and the family cultural background are important factors influencing the practice of Confucian sages worship.