晚清家国视域下的乡土教育研究

Native Education in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Family and Country

乡土知识是族群认同、家国意识的表征。近代,重新认识乡土、由爱乡而爱国成为社会共识,乡土教育被赋予浓厚的政治品格,成为晚清对抗西方世界的筹码。以忠爱为宗旨,以儒学为根本,晚清政府通过学制颁布、课程设置、教材规范、方法改进等举措,逐步铸就儿童的家国观念,增强其爱乡、爱国情怀,不仅赓续了传统文化,而且促进了其现代转换,更为后乡土中国语境下乡土教育的发展提供了历史镜鉴。

Native knowledge has been the representation of ethnic identity and national consciousness.In the modern history of China,re-understanding the native education and the patriotism originating from the love for one’s homeland was endowed with a strong political character and became the bargaining chip of the late Qing Dynasty against the Western world.With faithful love for the purpose and Confucianism as the basis,the government of late Qing Dynasty gradually fostered the concepts of family and country,love for the homeland and the sense of patriotism in children through such multiple measures as promulgation of school system,curriculum setting,textbook standardization,method improvement.In this way,traditional culture has been ceaselessly evolved,promoting its modern transformation,and provided a historical mirror for native education in the context of post-rural China.