基于区域多参量动态对比法的地面人工增雨作业技术优化研究

Study on optimization of cloud seeding ground operation technology based on regional multi-parameters dynamic contrast method

为了优化地面人工增雨作业技术,提出了区域多参量动态对比法(以下简称K值法),并使用该方法对2015-2017年选取的26次地面增雨作业,从不同参量、不同作业工具、不同作业剂量和不同作业方式等方面进行效果统计检验。结果表明:地面催化作业有较好的增雨效果,作业后3 h内的增雨率为14.4%,2 h时增雨效果最好;不同作业工具比较,火箭增雨速度快且增雨率大,增雨效果比高炮好;不同作业剂量比较,单次高炮作业剂量N≤35发、单次火箭作业剂量21的时效延长1 h,技术优化效果明显。

In order to optimize the cloud seeding ground operation technology,26 operations were selected for the study from cloud seeding ground operations in 2015-2017,and a regional multi-parameters dynamic contrast method(K-value method for short)was proposed.The K-value method was used to evaluate the operation effects brought by different equipments,number of shells,and methods of operation.The results show that the ground operation has a good rainfall enhancement effect,the rainfall enhancement rate within 3 hours after operation is 14.4%,and the effect is the best at 2 hours.The rocket has a faster rainfall increase speed and a larger rainfall increase rate,the effect brought by rocket is better than the antiaircraft gun.When the number of shells in a single antiaircraft gun operation is N≤35,or the number of shells in a single rocket operation is 2<N≤5,the effect is better.The rainfall enhancement rate of successive operations(within 1 hour in⁃terval between two operations,and the distance between the operation sites is 5~7 km)is 11.2%higher than that of single operation,the ef⁃fect of successive operations is better.The above optimization techniques were applied in 13 operations selected from ground operations in 2018-2020.Compared with the above 26 operations selected from 2015 to 2017,the average K value increased by 30.6%,and the rainfall en⁃hancement rate increased by 6%.Compared with 7 operations without optimization techniques in the same period,the K value was higher than 0.85,and the aging time of K>1 was prolonged by 1 h.The optimization technology had obvious effect.