T细胞亚群与哮喘发病机制的研究进展

Progress on T cell subsets and pathogenesis of asthma

哮喘是一种常见的慢性气道炎症性疾病,其特征是继发于气道狭窄、气道壁增厚和黏液增加的可逆性气流受限。目前,哮喘被认为是一种复杂的异质性疾病,其具体发病机制尚未明确。参与哮喘发病机制的免疫细胞多种多样,包括T细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞等。其中T细胞由于分类及功能不断更新,其对于哮喘的作用也逐渐受到关注。因此,该综述旨在总结不同T细胞亚群的免疫学特征及其在哮喘发病机制中的作用,并综述了某些T细胞亚群在重症哮喘发病机制中的新发现,从而为哮喘免疫学方面的发病机制及临床诊断、治疗、预后的研究提供启发及帮助。

Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease,which is characterized by airway stenosis,airway wall thickening and increased mucus secretion followed by reversible airflow restriction.At present,asthma is considered to be a complex and heterogeneous disease,and its pathogenesis remains elusive.There are diverse immune cells involved in the formation of asthma,including T lymphocytes,eosinophils,neutrophils,etc.Due to the continuous renewal of classification and function of T lymphocytes subsets,their role in asthma has attracted more attention.Here,this review aims to summarize the immunological characteristics and roles of different T cell subsets in asthma,and highlight the new findings of T cell subsets in the pathogenesis of severe asthma,leading to provide inspiration and help for the study of the immunology pathogenesis,clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis in asthma.