中国15岁及以上吸烟人群复吸率及其影响因素研究

Smoking relapse rate and influencing factors in smokers aged 15 years and above in China

目的描述我国≥15岁吸烟人群复吸情况,分析影响复吸行为的主要因素。方法本研究数据来源于2018年中国成人烟草调查,覆盖31个省(自治区、直辖市)的200个区/县的400个居委会/村,以面对面调查的方式收集≥15岁居民吸烟和复吸的相关数据。采用SAS 9.4软件进行数据清洗和分析,logistic回归模型分析复吸率的影响因素。结果调查共完成个人问卷19376份,应答率为91.50%。2018年我国≥15岁吸烟者中复吸率为66.05%,其中男性66.59%,女性55.79%;15~24岁年龄组复吸率最高(82.63%)。多因素分析结果显示,15~24岁年龄组(OR=4.618,95%CI:1.981~10.763)、现在使用电子烟(OR=9.782,95%CI:3.139~30.490)、过去30 d看到过烟草广告、促销和赞助(OR=1.710,95%CI:1.291~2.265)人群的复吸率较高;与家中室内允许吸烟或没有规定相比,完全不允许吸烟(OR=0.562,95%CI:0.439~0.719)和部分允许吸烟(OR=0.487,95%CI:0.366~0.647)的人群复吸率较低。结论中国吸烟者的复吸率较高,尤其是年轻人。建议针对本研究发现的影响因素开展相应的干预以降低复吸率,助力实现"健康中国2030"既定的控烟目标。

Objective To describe the relapse status of smokers aged≥15 years in China,and investigate the main factors influencing their relapse behavior.Methods The data of this study cames from the 2018 China Adult Tobacco Survey,covering 400 committees or villages in 200 districts or counties in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)of China.The relevant data of smoking and relapsing in residents aged≥15 years were collected by face-to-face interview.Software SAS 9.4 was used to clean and analyze the data,and logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for relapse rate.Results A total of 19376 questionnaires were completed,with a response rate of 91.50%.In 2018,66.05%of smokers aged≥15 years in China had smoking relapse,in whom 66.59%were males and 55.79%were females.In all age groups,the age group 15-24 years had the highest smoking relapse rate(82.63%).Multivariate analysis showed that the younger age 15-24 years(OR=4.618,95%CI:1.981-10.763),e-cigarette use(OR=9.782,95%CI:3.139-30.490),and tobacco advertising,promotion and sponsorship in the past 30 days(OR=1.710,95%CI:1.291-2.265)were associated with higher smoking relapse rate.Compared with people who were allowed smoking at home or those without smoking limit,the smoking relapse rate in people who were not allowed to smoke at home(OR=0.562,95%CI:0.439-0.719)or those with smoking limit(OR=0.487,95%CI:0.366-0.647)was lower.Conclusion The smoking relapse rate in Chinese smokers is high,especially in young people.It is suggested to conduct targeted intervention based on the results of this study to reduce the smoking relapse rate and help achieve the smoking control goal in Healthy China 2030.