论地方环境法规财产权限制条款的合宪性审查标准

On the Constitutional Review Standard of Property Rights Restriction Clauses in Local Environmental Regulations

对地方环境法规中的财产权限制条款进行合宪性审查,具备必要的制度基础。通过实证分析,可以将我国地方环境法规限制财产权的方式划分为财产物理状态的量化管制、财产权行使附随义务的设定、财产权支配自由的限制和法律责任类型的增加四种类型。每种限制方式在实践运行中都有合宪性审查空间。为使合宪性审查具有可操作性,有必要建构“判断法规适用宪法的方式——有无宪法解释的余地——有无阻却违宪的事由”的分层审查步骤,并针对财产权限制的实践类型,分别建构适用成本收益分析或者比例原则以及二者混合适用的具体审查标准,为地方性法规的合宪性审查实践提供理论工具,助力我国合宪性审查制度的有效运行。

The constitutional review of the restriction of property right clauses in local environmental regulations has the necessarily institutional basis.Through empirical research,the ways in which restriction of property rights in local environmental regulations can be divided into four types in china:quantitative regulatory of the physical state of property rights,the establishment of the subordinated obligations of the exercise of property rights,restrictions on the dominate freedom of property rights,and the increase of types of legal liabilities.Each restriction method has space for constitutional review in practice.In order to make constitutional review feasible,it is necessary to construct a set of specific constitutional review levels and standards.This article attempts to construct a hierarchical review process of“Judging the way in which regulations apply to the constitution-whether there is space for constitutional interpretation-whether there are obstructive reasons for unconstitutional”.At the same time,according to the types of property rights restriction practices,specific review standards that apply cost-benefit analysis or the principle of proportionality,as well as the specific review standards for the mixed application of the two,to provide theoretical tools for the practice of constitutional review of local regulations,and to facilitate the effective operation of china’s constitutional review system.