中药止呕作用机制的研究进展

Research progress of antiemetic mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine

呕吐是中医中临床常见的病证之一,是指胃失和降、气逆而上、胃中之物从口吐出的一种病证。中药在治疗呕吐方面有较好的疗效,且毒副作用也较少。本文对单味中药的止呕功效进行了分类,并对单味中药、中药复方及中成药止呕的药理作用及机制的研究进展进行了综述。生姜、半夏、吴茱萸等单味中药,小半夏汤等复方及半夏茯苓胶囊等中成药具有止呕作用,其机制与调控5-羟色胺3A(5-HT_(3A))、多巴胺2(D_(2))、神经激肽1(NK_(1))等受体和直接作用于中枢、胃肠平滑肌有关,以期进一步指导临床用药及为止呕中药的进一步研究提供思路。

Vomiting is one of the common clinical syndromes in traditional Chinese medicine.It refers to a syndrome that the stomach loses harmony,the Qi goes up in reverse,and things in the stomach comes out up from the mouth.Traditional Chinese medicine has a good effect in the treatment of vomiting with less the toxic and side effects.In this paper,the antiemetic effect of single traditional Chinese medicine was classified,and the research progress of antiemetic effect and mechanism of single traditional Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine compound and traditional Chinese patent medicine were reviewed.Single traditional Chinese medicines such as Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,Pinelliae Rhizoma,Euodiae Fructus,traditional Chinese medicine compound such as Xiaobanxia decoction,and traditional Chinese patent medicines such as Banxia Fuling Capsule,all have antiemetic effects.The mechanism is related to the regulation of 5-HT_(3A),D_(2,)NK_(1) and other receptors,and the direct action on the central and gastrointestinal smooth muscle.This review is expected to further guide the clinical medication and provide ideas for the further study of traditional Chinese medicine.